
Adenosine or Cordycepin? How to Choose the Right Cordyceps
Cordyceps is an adaptogenic and functional mushroom that many people use before exercise and to boost energy levels. Two of the most sought-after active ingredients in Cordyceps are adenosine and cordycepin. The concentration of these active ingredients varies between different species of Cordyceps and has different effects on the body's functions.
Personally, I use Cordyceps sinensis CS-4 because it contains a higher level of adenosine. In combination with Chaga and Lion's mane, this works as a natural pre-workout.
Different species of Cordyceps and their properties
There are 750 different species of Cordyceps identified, of which 35 have reported active ingredients and have been used in traditional medicine. The most popular species are Cordyceps sinensis CS-4, Ophiocordyceps sinensis (formerly Cordyceps sinensis) and Cordyceps militaris. These are the three most studied species.
The amount of adenosine and cordycepin varies between species, where it is particularly important to distinguish sinensis CS-4 from militaris as these are most often used in dietary supplements. Ophiocordyceps sinensis is a protected and regulated species that can cost up to 1100 kroner per gram. The species is therefore little used in dietary supplements and is susceptible to counterfeiting.
Cordyceps sinensis CS-4
Cordyceps sinensis CS-4 is best known and used to support energy and endurance among athletes. The key here is adenosine, which can increase blood circulation and reduce muscle fatigue.
Cordyceps sinensis CS-4 contains higher levels of adenosine compared to militaris, but less than Ophiocordyceps sinensis which has a more complete biochemical profile. Cordyceps sinensis CS-4 is still effective, but a sustainable alternative grown under controlled conditions.
Cordyceps militaris
Cordyceps militaris has a higher content of cordycepin and a lower level of adenosine compared to the sinensis species. Militaris is therefore best known for its effects on the immune system and is popular among people interested in anti-aging.
Ophiocordyceps sinensis
Ophiocordyceps sinensis is a parasitic fungus often called the "caterpillar fungus" and has achieved celebrity status through the series The Last of Us. Traditionally, it has been used in Chinese and Tibetan medicine for over 700 years to strengthen libido, lungs, and kidneys.
Adenosine
Adenosine is a natural regulator that can help maintain the body's natural balance and acts as a signal carrier for energy metabolism. When cells use energy, ATP ( adenosine triphosphate ) is broken down and adenosine is released. This provides a signal that energy levels are low and the body needs to recover or produce more ATP.
Adenosine is naturally found in Cordyceps sinensis CS-4 and Ophiocordyceps sinensis. When you consume this type of Cordyceps, it can contribute to:
- Better blood circulation by activating A2A receptor
- Increased oxygen supply to the muscles
- Reduced muscle fatigue
- Better energy balance over time
Adenosine is both a neurotransmitter in the brain that regulates sleep and can help influence performance. In general, it can be said to regulate the body's energy levels and rhythm.
Cordycepin
Cordycepin is a natural active ingredient in Cordyceps militaris that is similar to adenosine. Because cordycepin and adenosine have almost the same structure, cordycepin is absorbed through the same mechanisms. However, because cordycepin lacks a chemical group (3'-OH) it acts as a "fake copy" and can halt the production of certain signaling molecules in overactive and stressed cells.
This property makes cordycepin particularly interesting for:
- to reduce inflammation in the body
- regulate the immune response
- protect cells from premature aging or overload
Although cordycepin can disrupt RNA synthesis, it is not a general "blocker" but acts mostly on cells in imbalance. This gives cordycepin adaptogenic properties that can have restorative and preventive effects.
Choosing Cordyceps is a purposeful decision
Cordyceps is a whole genus of different adaptogenic mushrooms with different biochemical profiles and uses. Cordyceps sinensis CS-4 can provide stable energy and support endurance.
Cordyceps militaris may have a more targeted effect on immune function and recovery. Ophiocordyceps sinensis is often associated with cordyceps, but is less commonly seen on the supplement market.
What you get from Cordyceps supplements depends on the concentration of adenosine and cordycepin. It is important to be aware of the amounts you are taking if you buy supplements from sinensis or militaris.
For a more general overview of bioactive compounds in Cordyceps, please read the article: Everything you need to know about Cordyceps sinensis CS-4 .